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Lesson 3:
Outline
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Notes
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Glossary
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Presentation
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Activities
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Directed Questions
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Assessment
Directed Questions for Fairness
Multiple Choice
Attention: ONLINE RESPONDING IS DISABLED
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1.
What is variance and how does it affect our understanding of reliability?
example:
Variance refers to how much a score deviates form the mean score. Error variance can affect reliability by introducing error into the score that cannot be attributed to actual differences in the trait or ability being measured.
2.
What is the difference between true variance and error variance? Provide an example of each type.
example:
True variance is the actual difference in the trait or ability being measured. Error variance is any difference attributable to unintended factors. True variance would be the difference evidenced between a high ability and low ability student. Error variance would be outside noise going on at the same time student are trying to take the test.
3.
How does systematic error differ from random error?
example:
Systematic error is error that occurs in a predictable fashion for every test taker. It is a validity problem. Random error occurs by chance and is not consistent or predictable. It is a reliability problem.
4.
How can the standard error of measurement be used to increase fairness in score reporting?
example:
Use a range for reporting scores instead of specific scores.
5.
What is the difference between test bias and test fairness?
example:
Test bias is a technical and systematic error that may or may not affect test fairness. Test fairness is a broad concept based on philosophies of test use, social, and personal values.
6.
How may test bias be detected?
example:
A variety of statistical techniques, including DIF.
7.
What is an example of a test accommodation?
example:
Braille
8.
What type of student may qualify to take an alternate assessment?
example:
Students with disabilities so severe the general assessment would not produce meaningful interpretable scores.
Principles of Measurement
